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Knowledge items
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Correct answers (%)
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Risk factor for CC
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Prolonged use of oral contraceptive
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57 (18.9%)
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Sexually transmitted infection
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77 (25.5%)
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Early onset of sexual activity
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112 (37.1%)
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Smoking
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54 (17.9%)
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Multiple sexual partner
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49 (16.2%)
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History of HPV infection
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53 (17.5%)
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Aged 30–65
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65 (21.5%)
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Symptoms of cervical cancer
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Bleeding and pain after sexual intercourse
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60 (19.9%)
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Vulvar itching or burning sensation
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63 (20.8%)
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Post-menopausal bleeding
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54 (17.9%)
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Excessive vaginal discharge
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71 (23.5%)
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Abnormal vaginal discharge
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68 (22.5%)
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Inter-menstrual bleeding
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67 (22.2%)
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Longer or heavier menstrual periods
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55 (18.2%)
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Pelvic pain
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48 (15.9%)
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Urinary frequency, urgency
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38 (12.6%)
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Preventive measures for CC
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CC screening
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172 (56.9%)
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Reduce numbers of sexual partners
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61 (20.2%)
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Vaccine for HPV
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27 (8.9%)
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Late marriage and late childbirth
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21 (6.9%)
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No smoking
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57 (18.9%)
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Consistent condom use
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29 (9.6%)
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Prompt treatment of STIs
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71 (23.5%)
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Benefits of screening for CC
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Early detection
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71 (23.5%)
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Early diagnosis
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88 (29.1%)
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Early treatment
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101 (33.4%)
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Understanding of the positive results
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Negative screening result means cervix without any lesion, needing no more screening
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142 (47%)
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Positive screening result means suffering from CC
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224 (74.2%)
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Positive screening result means there is cervical lesion, it needs further diagnosis
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76 (25.2%)
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CC is a curable disease
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223 (73.8%)
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